RAM

Random-access memory (RAM) is a form of computer data storage. Today, it takes the form ofintegrated circuits that allow stored data to be accessed in any order (i.e., at random). "Random" refers to the idea that any piece of data can be returned in a constant time, regardless of its physical location and whether it is related to the previous piece of data.^[1]

The word "RAM" is often associated with volatile types of memory (such as DRAM memory modules), where the information is lost after the power is switched off. Many other types of memory are RAM as well, including most types of ROM and a type of flash memory called NOR-Flash.

Types of RAM

Modern types of writable RAM generally store a bit of data in either the state of a flip-flop, as in SRAM (static RAM), or as acharge in a capacitor (or transistor gate), as in DRAM (dynamic RAM), EPROM, EEPROM and Flash. Some types have circuitry to detect and/or correct random faults called memory errors in the stored data, using parity bits or error correction codes. RAM of the read-only     type, ROM, instead uses a metal mask to permanently enable/disable selected transistors, instead of storing a charge in them. Of special consideration is SIMM and DIMM memory modules.

cpu cooler

It is one of the most important part of any computer. Without it cpu may over heat and damaged. There are many kinds of coolers. All of them have their own speciality. some are stock cooler which comes with the cpu you purchase but if you want to play some serious game then you should buy the saperate cooler for better stability and peformance. In the picture given you can see that it is not a stock cooler it is an tower cooler. It has cooling pipes which helps to displace the heat generated by the cpu and the cooling fans cools it.

Another one is liquid cooling coolers. Liquid cooler is  more effective than other coolers it is because it uses the liquid particle for cooling. We can see that it has the big radiator and a pump. The pump regulates the liquid and the radiator cools down the heat which is generated by cpu and displaced through the liquid. The radiator is also includes of the fan to blow cool air through the radiator. The more air flows through the radiator the more cooling will be the result. It is bit expensive than tower coolers but it is better than tower coolers so if you want better cooler money does not matter.

chipset

In computing, the term chipset is commonly used to refer to a set of specialized chips on a computer's motherboard or an expansion card. In personal computers the first chipset for the IBM PC AT was the NEAT chipset by Chips and Technologies for the Intel 80286CPU. Chipsets are the main controllers on the motherboard - they allow the CPU to interface with the various components and expansion cards installed.”

Based on Intel Pentium-class microprocessors, the term chipset often refers to a specific pair of chips on the motherboard: the northbridge and the southbridge. The northbridge links the CPU to very high-speed devices, especially main memory and graphics controllers, and the southbridge connects to lower-speed peripheral buses (such as PCIor ISA). In many modern chipsets, the southbridge actually contains some on-chipintegrated peripherals, such as Ethernet, USB, and audio devices.

A chipset is usually designed to work with a specific family of microprocessors. Because it controls communications between the processor and external devices, the chipset plays a crucial role in determining system performance.

The manufacturer of a chipset often is independent from the manufacturer of the motherboard. Current manufacturers of chipsets for PC-compatible motherboards includeNVIDIA, AMD, VIA Technologies, SiS, Intel and Broadcom. Apple computers and Unixworkstations from Sun, NeXT, SGI, and others have traditionally used custom-designed chipsets; now that Sun and Apple both have x86 processors in at least some of their lines of products, they have begun to use standard PC chipsets in some of their computers. Some server manufacturers also develop custom chipsets for their products.